All Regional Data

The table below includes data on measures of equity and growth for all 192 metros subject to analysis in Equity, Growth, and Community. Benner and Pastor examined changes in two measures of equity (the 80/20 household income and the poverty rate) and two measures of growth (change in employment and change in earnings per job) between 1979 and 2010, as well as two endpoint measures of the level of equity and growth in 2010 (the Gini coefficient and median household income, respectively).

The change metrics for the two measures of equity and two measures of growth were calculated over four time periods: 1979-2010 as well as each of the three decades in between. The result was 16 difference metrics of change for each metro (four measures times four time periods)—eight for equity and eight for growth. Each metro was compared with other metros falling in the US census-designated region (Northeast, Midwest, South, or West) under each of eight metrics for change in equity and eight for growth and the results were used to form a composite Equity Index and Growth Index, respectively. (Note that while used to develop the Equity Index and Growth Index, data points for 1989 and 1999 are not included in the table.)

For details on the data sources and methodology used, see Appendix B and Chapter 3 of Equity, Growth, and Community.

Other Regions
Northeastern | Southern | Midwestern | Western

Metropolitan Region1979
80-20 ratio
1979
Poverty
1979
Jobs (000s)
1979
Earnings Per Job - 2010
2010
80-20 ratio
2010
Poverty
2010
Jobs (000s)
2010
Earnings Per Job - 2010
Equity Index
Value
Equity Index
Rank
Growth Index
Value
Growth Index
Rank
2010
Gini
2010
Median Income -2010
Regions Average (unweighted)4.16947916666670.12026041666667441.812542775.5520833334.6706250.155699.20312548582.463541667-0.001458333333333396.5-0.005572916666666796.50.4507291666666749747.614583333
Akron, OH4.020.09308464714.840.1539647612-0.3144-0.121060.4546521
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY4.090.1385446504.850.11533555130.04940.19700.4455796
Albuquerque, NM4.250.14248406504.830.17482452470.1671-0.01910.4647383
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ3.890.07311469064.60.1241849623-0.52169-0.211170.4355630
Amarillo, TX4.040.1100422244.320.1615343441-0.36155-0.561560.4446390
Anchorage, AK4.070.08119647414.320.09230630420.4632-0.221180.4371490
Ann Arbor, MI4.080.11166532104.840.13237527780.1767-0.03950.4655880
Appleton, WI3.330.0686423533.760.08145443060.24600.58360.3955883
Asheville, NC4.040.14135348954.350.16235379530.0691-0.311300.4442168
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA4.380.131268433504.740.15304952789-0.111140.64320.4653182
Atlantic City, NJ4.530.13100446534.590.14175481140.67170.27600.4352571
Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC4.40.17182388005.10.229244584-0.14118-0.261230.4644477
Austin-Round Rock, TX4.80.15308382774.70.161077504290.67161.7110.4655744
Bakersfield, CA4.40.13197493155.040.2135453837-0.46161-0.151100.4545524
Baltimore-Towson, MD4.280.121139446774.570.111649584970.2856-0.05970.4564812
Barnstable Town, MA4.060.0974313214.210.11138397380.52271.1280.4755294
Baton Rouge, LA5.380.17268453715.190.16477477790.846-0.321330.4648294
Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX4.760.12176521505.330.220648660-0.42160-1.121870.4641291
Binghamton, NY4.030.09131435364.490.1513345859-0.28141-1.171880.4345959
Birmingham-Hoover, AL5.060.16446434945.130.17637501200.4237-0.41400.4744216
Boise City-Nampa, ID4.010.11150395744.320.16349447190.11810.21630.4447237
Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH4.40.092214441855.080.13078682350.31470.83220.4768020
Boulder, CO3.980.1110396895.240.1523052140-0.591710.4470.4961859
Bremerton-Silverdale, WA3.760.0865507963.740.11120512790.438-0.171120.4156303
Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT4.40.07443503425.660.0959881934-0.511670.87190.5474831
Brownsville-Harlingen, TX4.560.3278321355.220.36172323960.15740.03840.4931736
Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY4.470.1598468674.960.14637488290.1964-0.91820.4546420
Canton-Massillon, OH3.870.09190459754.210.15209407450.0789-1.011850.4342365
Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL3.460.1191335974.470.1728639589-1.321891.05110.4643936
Cedar Rapids, IA3.60.07121434463.850.09171487150.73120.37490.4153755
Champaign-Urbana, IL4.240.12109395235.520.1913746073-0.811830.06830.4945845
Charleston-North Charleston, SC4.380.16205402564.890.16387474190.0985-0.04960.4648062
Charleston, WV4.550.13155486604.450.15174502230.5425-0.951830.4443922
Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord, NC-SC3.840.11504395024.720.15105555705-0.671760.77230.4750449
Chattanooga, TN-GA4.20.14215410344.840.1629445184-0.04107-0.571590.4642288
Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IL-IN-WI4.340.114212527874.790.145462588950.44350.21650.4757104
Chico, CA4.210.1558369104.530.2100405770.0986-0.261250.4441657
Cincinnati-Middletown, OH-KY-IN4.340.11847461554.770.141232516160.45340.43450.4651572
Clarksville, TN-KY3.840.1684394034.180.16145499310.3510.43460.4242262
Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH4.310.11160514054.90.15123852499097-0.531530.4646231
Colorado Springs, CO3.710.1164386134.750.1337048059-0.331520.63340.4451683
Columbia, SC4.260.14264376224.650.1644045476-0.04106-0.061020.4545929
Columbus, GA-AL4.430.19126367005.340.217445283-0.03104-0.081040.5136553
Columbus, OH3.990.11671436594.920.16115251116-0.221320.94150.4651039
Corpus Christi, TX4.620.17162459154.940.2239467100.2163-0.661750.4641994
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX4.040.11712458194.520.15392556117-0.41590.53380.4654449
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL3.860.08207497444.370.1322449578-0.18124-0.591640.4546310
Dayton, OH4.040.1433480504.580.1646148633-0.05108-0.571610.4443832
Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach, FL3.90.14101322674.60.1619837621-0.31470.01880.4441556
Denver-Aurora, CO3.870.08870469154.530.13163758154-0.241340.15750.4658732
Des Moines, IA3.920.08241435064.010.1400524350.9220.93160.4254685
Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI4.540.12046593295.110.172231541200.0395-0.781780.4648198
Duluth, MN-WI4.530.09137441524.850.16156424150.182-0.571600.4442083
Durham, NC4.330.14159399265.180.1936260093-0.661751.05100.4847982
El Paso, TX4.040.22207378204.830.2438942426-0.151210.06820.4736015
Erie, PA3.930.1138439095.210.1715641779-1.05188-0.991840.4542519
Eugene-Springfield, OR4.410.13133426534.90.1918439964-0.05109-1.081860.4640276
Evansville, IN-KY4.440.1169440594.640.14205477870.6319-0.131070.4544319
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR-MO3.860.1497318014.620.1525944929-0.21291.3230.4545101
Fayetteville, NC3.580.17127396864.360.1822054793-0.191250.74270.4443458
Flint, MI4.370.11209637354.860.2118340547-0.3146-2.241920.4438819
Fort Collins-Loveland, CO4.010.1172366374.510.14189405180.13780.47400.4454154
Fort Smith, AR-OK4.160.1695360094.380.19154388200.352-0.411430.4537992
Fort Wayne, IN3.650.08198456363.870.1324644682-0.06111-0.361350.4447004
Fresno, CA4.470.14267437015.310.2742646369-0.7178-0.441460.4645221
Gainesville, FL5.10.2378349976.170.2715944248-0.251370.28570.5140274
Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI3.970.09290461104.30.1645546737-0.121160.29550.4347040
Green Bay, WI3.850.08115415514.040.11201480440.7140.95140.4149016
Greensboro-High Point, NC4.080.11298389684.580.1842445360-0.8182-0.411420.4641120
Greenville, SC3.840.12227375234.820.1636345474-0.72180-0.171110.4742640
Gulfport-Biloxi, MS4.210.1890371274.460.19145440070.51290.03850.4341875
Hagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV4.370.1277428844.50.12122428940.2953-0.621710.4350529
Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA3.650.08258448524.040.11384522750.17700.2670.4254009
Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT3.740.08615470624.650.177463313-0.371570.16730.4563104
Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC3.220.09151341234.330.1618738894-1.5192-0.671760.4439381
Holland-Grand Haven, MI3.270.0674424403.630.1212943242-0.491640.63350.4353056
Honolulu, HI4.080.1454447384.120.09603524460.7213-0.281270.4268537
Houston-Baytown-Sugar Land, TX3.960.11737527394.890.17345263872-0.821840.28580.4753942
Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH4.50.151304736650.2213943335-0.2127-1.411890.4536022
Huntsville, AL4.660.14127445965.160.13263549160.19650.33510.4752384
Indianapolis, IN3.940.09655459514.690.15108751265-0.291430.76250.4648867
Jackson, MS4.960.2216373134.950.18335446030.799-0.171130.4742501
Jacksonville, FL4.620.15371415994.570.15783473870.43360.14780.4650324
Kalamazoo-Portage, MI4.130.11134464624.820.1916846230-0.21131-0.391390.4643634
Kansas City, MO-KS4.150.09839453744.50.121251528710.46330.64300.4453919
Killeen-Temple-Fort Hood, TX3.710.16115385053.390.13218511811.2410.76240.449778
Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol, TN-VA4.180.15133387154.660.17154415270.1573-0.891810.4834741
Knoxville, TN4.60.15247399714.550.14426452020.7510-0.221190.4643114
Lafayette, LA4.750.14102446085.460.219051900-0.16122-0.01920.4646730
Lakeland, FL3.910.15149403374.160.18257412900.0196-0.491500.4341174
Lancaster, PA3.540.08193417554.110.1294445020.09840.01870.4251740
Lansing-East Lansing, MI3.970.11207502494.730.1725946487-0.25136-0.51510.4347731
Las Vegas-Paradise, NV3.840.09252464294.240.15105848311-0.21281.2650.4451437
Lexington-Fayette, KY4.560.14185404035.230.1931146296-0.3145-0.271260.4646257
Lincoln, NE3.770.08127376344.470.1520743426-0.481630.83210.4450091
Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR4.250.13260404794.590.15424464980.1476-0.181140.4545991
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA4.530.125315504595.130.16731158042-0.03105-0.421440.4856691
Louisville, KY-IN4.390.12530429654.630.15739481160.0790-0.591630.4544678
Lubbock, TX4.330.15119386134.910.2116839973-0.33153-0.651740.4742126
Lynchburg, VA3.890.1199375024.70.1613439155-0.69177-0.841800.4441248
Macon, GA4.660.1989370065.480.2312839360-0.22133-0.61650.4737507
Madison, WI3.940.1233399204.160.12425488640.68151.340.4357594
Manchester-Nashua, NH3.730.07155397103.90.07248566580.8270.88180.4168312
McAllen-Edinburg-Pharr, TX4.680.3594312795.520.33312340710.27580.98130.4833732
Memphis, TN-MS-AR5.330.21512410075.060.19775498590.93-0.05990.4645377
Merced, CA3.780.1564411935.050.239145658-0.84187-0.41410.4942449
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL4.620.121568402685.320.17314246761-0.511680.14770.545352
Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI3.960.08795469964.940.1595955010-0.841860.11810.4649774
Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI3.870.071304459514.180.112176563770.18661.1290.4462352
Mobile, AL4.690.19163403825.160.2227440690.3148-0.581620.4839998
Modesto, CA4.370.12123410795.060.220947789-0.38158-0.151090.4648044
Montgomery, AL5.10.2142389595.270.18220453940.6122-0.251210.4545513
Naples-Marco Island, FL4.520.1444350214.290.16174414080.15721.4420.5152730
Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro, TN4.280.12494390314.730.1599454153-0.191260.63330.4647975
New Haven-Milford, CT4.090.09385432335.090.1247654745-0.32151-0.121050.4757056
New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA5.360.17648458825.450.17714523220.6121-0.811790.4846134
New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA5.160.138178522465.640.1410837729920.59240.45420.561927
Norwich-New London, CT3.710.08123452214.190.09168550870.37420.14760.4362349
Ocala, FL3.920.1846310143.940.2130345070.34460.51390.4437044
Ogden-Clearfield, UT3.40.08121417913.580.1272406510.3643-0.061010.3959171
Oklahoma City, OK4.320.11488426384.730.1676348087-0.36154-0.391380.4646238
Olympia, WA4.020.153440924.090.1128483250.880.18710.461011
Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA3.810.08360422364.440.1256251231-0.021030.86200.4354060
Orlando, FL4.150.12397383434.390.15124844752-0.151200.91170.4546478
Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA3.710.08213429144.530.1141952867-0.271380.29530.4471864
Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL3.940.1122431194.550.1326246758-0.6173-0.03940.4446262
Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL4.20.17129425184.860.17219422630.1280-0.511520.4543974
Peoria, IL3.820.08194519134.310.12218513570.0593-0.531540.4350983
Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD4.480.122532485075.140.133391622060.34450.21640.4758095
Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ3.930.11793436834.610.16222649264-0.211300.66290.4550385
Pittsburgh, PA4.330.091231508654.820.121392537150.350-0.641730.4746700
Port St. Lucie-Fort Pierce, FL4.020.1663376884.360.15183364420.13770.19680.4941346
Portland-South Portland-Biddeford, ME3.530.1200381544.20.1338463810.29540.74260.4356530
Portland-Vancouver-Beaverton, OR-WA4.090.09719463054.320.131304506950.1475-0.261240.4453078
Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown, NY3.970.09222434344.180.09327493880.6230.16740.4267269
Providence-New Bedford-Fall River, RI-MA4.470.1700381155.430.1484650689-0.281400.02860.4651935
Provo-Orem, UT3.730.1584366763.870.15254383690.8550.56370.4254201
Raleigh-Cary, NC4.210.12229370704.350.13654518750.26591.270.4457840
Reading, PA3.920.08164433954.510.1421846277-0.6172-0.311310.4451759
Reno-Sparks, NV3.660.07135447624.80.1624748403-1.39191-0.391370.4750699
Richmond, VA4.070.12481410704.210.12758524120.4390.01890.4555325
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA4.280.11597422244.550.17164243866-0.01990.45440.4353548
Roanoke, VA4.140.11142377724.350.1419144259098-0.431450.4445569
Rochester, NY4.060.09493483574.680.1461150234-0.32149-0.611680.4550211
Rockford, IL3.720.08150485794.880.1817944814-1.35190-0.621690.4445457
Sacramento--Arden-Arcade--Roseville, CA4.310.11533472154.560.151147560880.27570.24610.4456233
Saginaw-Saginaw Township North, MI4.450.12105567404.420.17101438470.7311-1.541900.4341938
Salem, OR4.070.11118389564.140.18195429270.1279-0.361340.4245584
Salinas, CA3.880.11162428904.360.1722252030-0.13117-0.291280.4554534
Salt Lake City, UT3.710.09351420704.030.1378049537-0.011010.28560.4357419
San Antonio, TX4.190.18535394424.650.161180459230.51280.35500.4550225
San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA4.170.11951435814.560.151822565030.17680.46410.4659923
San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA4.490.11895527605.310.112691708690.1769-0.071030.4773027
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA3.640.07770523454.910.11113789221-0.721790.73280.4583944
San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles, CA4.40.1465387734.550.14149430590.66180.21620.4653978
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Goleta, CA4.240.11169427825.230.1824850385-0.64174-0.231200.556767
Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA4.730.1282367845.020.15139450020.3941-0.061000.4661071
Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA4.160.1128400794.340.13263465390.24610.12800.4459055
Sarasota-Bradenton-Venice, FL3.620.1154341894.470.1436837979-0.541700.29540.4645283
Savannah, GA4.630.181093959850.17199444860.440-0.181150.4546755
Scranton--Wilkes-Barre, PA3.740.1266393584.730.1531142509-0.47162-0.621700.4542368
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA4.080.081123512824.30.122148631070.23620.13790.4463088
Shreveport-Bossier City, LA5.10.16177413745.20.18236464970.5130-0.611660.4840762
South Bend-Mishawaka, IN-MI3.920.1136422664.690.1616346184-0.36156-0.251220.4541991
Spartanburg, SC4.10.14105381124.650.1714248517-0.28142-0.321320.4541850
Spokane, WA4.460.11163442814.40.14262443830.6220-0.641720.4447039
Springfield, IL3.920.09107424674.50.1312848931-0.011000.38480.4450423
Springfield, MA4.480.12306387675.490.1636445551-0.27139-0.381360.4549209
Springfield, MO4.120.13131346044.490.17254387940.48311.2260.4440084
St. Louis, MO-IL4.30.111296459004.860.131655513720.34440.19690.4550912
Stockton, CA4.710.13163456514.310.19269474790.5326-0.451470.4450011
Syracuse, NY4.110.1311448614.990.1437249880-0.3148-0.561580.4649694
Tallahassee, FL4.810.21100360996.380.2621244072-0.781810.27590.541511
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL3.880.12679386884.620.15146047132-0.491650.33520.4643547
Toledo, OH4.40.11328479364.990.1736747565-0.06110-0.611670.4641583
Topeka, KS3.810.08113397824.620.1713943177-0.82185-0.02930.4445360
Trenton-Ewing, NJ4.280.09180479635.190.1226069727-0.321501.01120.4770956
Tucson, AZ4.310.13225408964.830.18484432500.05920.01900.4644274
Tulsa, OK4.440.11373449964.590.1655350186-0.02102-0.561570.4644519
Utica-Rome, NY3.820.11143397344.610.1515944151-0.08113-0.691770.4246625
Vallejo-Fairfield, CA3.860.0995503844.060.12169533600.2855-0.141080.4163384
Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC4.130.14647409503.980.11993506080.864-0.05980.4257315
Visalia-Porterville, CA3.870.16118397944.790.2418643616-0.5166-0.461480.4543397
Waco, TX4.550.1783374005.050.21134420430.0887-0.311290.4539143
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV3.830.082048515834.20.08383773627-0.151190.64310.4384523
Wichita, KS3.850.09278436114.480.1437048299-0.111150.2660.4446131
Wilmington, NC4.40.1775360335.040.18189417020.08880.45430.4644825
Winston-Salem, NC4.410.12174430684.580.1626347963-0.17123-0.551550.4742644
Worcester, MA4.230.09311395264.980.11412516480.09830.17720.4461212
Yakima, WA4.210.1582381094.810.2411941775-0.25135-0.481490.4740648
York-Hanover, PA3.670.07161439813.880.09217468390.3149-0.21160.456368
Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA4.170.1302500814.590.1727840463-0.07112-1.571910.4439240